Features of cognitive impairment in patients with chronic cerebral ischemia and epileptic seizures

Features of cognitive impairment in patients with chronic cerebral ischemia and epileptic seizures

 

Authors

 

N.G. Tokareva

Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education “National Research Mordovian State University named after N.P. Ogarev”, Saransk, Republic of Mordovia

O.I. Ignatieva

Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education “National Research Mordovian State University named after N.P. Ogarev”, Saransk, Republic of Mordovia

Ya.S. Nuyanzina

Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education “National Research Mordovian State University named after N.P. Ogarev”, Saransk, Republic of Mordovia

E.A. Makarova

Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education “National Research Mordovian State University named after N.P. Ogarev”, Saransk, Republic of Mordovia

 

https://doi.org/10.26617/1810-3111-2025-3(128)-118-126

 

Journal: Siberian Herald of Psychiatry and Addiction Psychiatry. 2025; 3 (128):  118-126.

 

Abstract

Background. According to the literature, despite the broad use of a comprehensive approach in the treatment of cerebrovascular diseases (pharmacotherapy, surgery, physiotherapy), the problems of chronic cerebral ischemia remain the corner-stone of clinical neurology. The progressive destruction/disruption of brain structures is accompanied by cognitive, emotional, motor disorders, is expressed by memory deterioration, fatigue, headaches, dizziness, which lead to patient’s care dependency. Objective: to determine the neuropsychological status in patients with chronic cerebral ischemia with various syndromic manifestations using a comprehensive examination. Material and Methods. The work was carried out based on the N.P. Ogarev University. The study included patients with chronic cerebral ischemia, consequences of stroke and convulsive syndrome. The clinical sample included 90 patients, the average age was 61.3±9.5 years, women prevailed (n=50, 56%) compared to men (n=40, 44%). According to the established diagnosis, 3 groups with the equal number (n=30) of patients were distinguished: Group 1 ‒ chronic cerebral ischemia stage I-II (I67.8), Group 2 ‒ chronic cerebral ischemia stage III (I67.8), consequences of stroke with motor and coordination disorders (I69), Group 3 ‒ chronic cerebral ischemia stage I-II (I67.8), epileptic syndrome (G40). Patients with chronic cerebral ischemia underwent several tests to evaluate memory, attention, thinking, speech, perception. During neuropsychological diagnostics of cognitive and behavioral disorders, the MoCA test (Montreal Cognitive Assessment scale) was used to detect mild cognitive impairment and the FAB test (Frontal Abnormality Battery) to check cognitive abilities and mental functions controlled by the frontal lobes of the brain. The Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) was used to determine the severity of depressive manifestations. Results. In patients of groups 2 and 3 with the degenerative brain disease, the neuropsychological status was characterized by moderate severity of cognitive impairment combined with moderate frontal dysfunction expressed by difficulties in planning and organizing actions, sudden mood swings, impulsivity, social inadequacy in the form of rudeness and aggression. In patients of group 1, the function of generalization and abstraction, sensorimotor reaction of choice were affected to a greater extent. Comorbidity of chronic cerebral ischemia with epileptic syndrome contributed to a decrease in dynamic praxis due to damage to the frontoparietal areas. In patients of the 2nd group with stroke consequences, such as motor disorders, cognitive and speech disorders, moderate and severe depressive disorders were detected. In patients of the 3rd group with brain tissue damage and epileptic syndrome, the depressive state corresponded to a moderate or high degree of severity. Conclusion. According to the results of the study, it was established that the aggravation of cognitive deficit and emotional disorders in patients with chronic cerebral ischemia was due to both cerebrovascular disease (stroke consequences) and epileptic syndrome associated with cerebrovascular accident.

 

Keywords: cognitive impairment, chronic cerebral ischemia, stroke consequences, epileptic syndrome, dementia, depression.

 

Article (pdf)

 

Contacts

 

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Materials  

For citation: Tokareva N.G., Ignatieva O.I., Nuyanzina Ya.S., Makarova E.A. Features of cognitive impairment in patients with chronic cerebral ischemia and epileptic seizures. Siberian Herald of Psychiatry and Addiction Psychiatry.2025; 3 (128): 118-126. https://doi.org/10.26617/1810-3111-2025-3(128)-118-126

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