Forms of periodic catatonia in schizophrenia spectrum disorders: differences in the levels of platelet enzyme activity

Forms of periodic catatonia in schizophrenia spectrum disorders: differences in the levels of platelet enzyme activity

 

Authors

 

I.S. Boksha

Mental Health Research Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russian Federation

O.K. Savushkina

Mental Health Research Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russian Federation

T.A. Prokhorova

Mental Health Research Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russian Federation

E.B. Tereshkina

Mental Health Research Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russian Federation

E.A. Vorobyova

Mental Health Research Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russian Federation

M.V. Piskarev

Mental Health Research Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russian Federation

G.Sh. Burbaeva

Mental Health Research Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russian Federation

 

https://doi.org/10.26617/1810-3111-2024-2(123)-13-23

 

Journal: Siberian Herald of Psychiatry and Addiction Psychiatry. 2024; 2 (123):  13-23.

 

Abstract

Background.Attacks of periodic catatonia in schizophrenia and other schizophrenia spectrum disorders pose a challenge for the development of differentiated individual therapeutic approaches. Objectiveof the study: comparative analysis of the levels of activity of platelet enzymes of glutamate, energy and glutathione metabolism in patients with various clinical forms of attacks (hypo-, para- and multikinetic) of periodic catatonia, developing in schizophrenia and schizophrenia spectrum disorders. Material and Methods. The study was carried out by employees of the Department for the Study of Borderline Mental Pathology and Psychosomatic Disorders and the Laboratory of Neurochemistry of the Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution “Mental Health Research Center”. The study included patients (n=39) of the main group, including 16 men and 23 women, with hypokinetic, parakinetic and multikinetic forms of attacks of periodic catatonia in schizophrenia and schizophrenia spectrum disorders (schizoaffective or schizotypal) and volunteers without diagnosed mental disorders (n=22, 9 men and 13 women) in the control group. The activity levels of enzymes (cytochrome c oxidase, glutamate dehydrogenase, phosphate-activated glutaminase, glutathione reductase, glutathione-S-transferase) in platelet extracts of patients in the main group and volunteers in the control group were determined by spectrophotometric kinetic methods. Results. A pairwise comparison of enzyme activity levels in patients with each form of attacks of periodic catatonia and in volunteers in the control group showed the following: 1) the activity of cytochrome c oxidase was not statistically significantly different, 2) the activity of glutamate dehydrogenase was statistically significantly reduced in all three forms of attacks of periodic catatonia studied, 3) the activity of phosphate-activated glutaminase was statistically reduced only in parakinetic periodic catatonia, 4) the activity of glutathione reductase was statistically significantly reduced in the hypokinetic form, 5) the activity of glutathione-S-transferase was statistically significantly reduced in the hypokinetic and multikinetic forms. Patients of the main group were clustered according to 5 criteria (normalized levels of platelet enzyme activity), 2 clusters were formed ‒ K1 (n=18) and K2 (n=21). Compared with the control group, a statistically significant decrease in the levels of enzyme activity was revealed in the clusters of the main group: in K1 ‒ cytochrome c oxidase and phosphate-activated glutaminase, in K2 ‒ glutamate dehydrogenase, glutathione reductase and glutathione-S-transferase. Patients with different forms of attacks of periodic catatonia were statistically significantly unevenly distributed in the clusters. Conclusion. In patients of the main group with different forms of attacks of periodic catatonia, statistically significant deviations from the levels of platelet enzyme activity in the control group were established, which served as the basis for determining the specific biomarkers of different forms of periodic catatonia.

 

Keywords: schizophrenia spectrum disorders, schizophrenia, periodic catatonia, cytochrome c-oxidase, glutamate dehydrogenase, phosphate-activated glutaminase, glutathione reductase, glutathione-S-transferase, platelets.

 

Article (pdf)

 

Contacts

 

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Materials  

For citation: BokshaI.S., SavushkinaO.K., ProkhorovaT.A., TereshkinaE.B., VorobyovaE.A., PiskarevM.V., BurbaevaG.Sh. Formsofperiodiccatatoniainschizophreniaspectrumdisorders: differencesinthelevelsofplateletenzymeactivity. Siberian Herald of Psychiatry and Addiction Psychiatry.2024; 2 (123): 13-23. https://doi.org/10.26617/1810-3111-2024-2(123)-13-23

 

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